reinforcing stimulus
Definition
Noun (Psychology) A stimulus that follows a behavior and influences the future probability of that behavior occurring again. It strengthens (reinforces) or weakens (punishes) the behavior it follows. This is a core concept in operant conditioning.
Usage
The term is used in behavioral psychology to describe any event or item presented after a behavior that modifies the strength of that behavior. * The food pellet given to a rat for pressing a lever is a reinforcing stimulus. * In the experiment, the removal of an annoying sound served as a reinforcing stimulus for the desired action.
Advanced Usage
- Positive Reinforcing Stimulus: A stimulus that, when after a behavior, strengthens that behavior (e.g., praise, a reward).
- Negative Reinforcing Stimulus: A stimulus that, when after a behavior, strengthens that behavior (e.g., stopping an electric shock, turning off a loud noise). Note: "Negative" refers to the of the stimulus, not to its quality.
Variants and Related Words
- Reinforcer (n.): A more common synonym for "reinforcing stimulus."
- Reinforcement (n.): The process or procedure of presenting a reinforcing stimulus.
- Punisher (n.): A stimulus that, when presented after a behavior, weakens that behavior.
Synonyms
- Reinforcer
- Reward (specifically for a positive reinforcing stimulus)
Related Phrases
- Conditioned Reinforcing Stimulus: A previously neutral stimulus that acquires reinforcing properties through association with a primary reinforcer (e.g., money, tokens).
- Primary Reinforcing Stimulus: A stimulus that is naturally reinforcing, satisfying a basic biological need (e.g., food, water, relief from pain).
Noun
-
(psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
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